PINUS RIGIDA, MILL. 7 



Bark. Bark of trunk in old trees thick, deeply furrowed, 

 with broad connecting ridges, separating on the surface into 

 coarse dark grayish or reddish brown scales ; younger stems 

 and branches very rough, separating into scales ; season's 

 shoots rough to the tips. 



Winter Buds and Leaves. Leading branch-buds J-J inch 

 long, narrow-cylindrical or ovate, acute at the apex, resin- 

 coated; scales brownish. 



Foliage leaves in threes, 3-5 inches long, stout, stiff, dark 

 yellowish-green, 3-sided, sharp-pointed, with two fibrovascular 

 bundles ; sessile ; sheaths when young about inch long. 



Inflorescence. Sterile flowers at the base of the season's 

 shoots clustered; stamens numerous; anthers yellow: fertile 

 flowers at a slight angle with and along the sides of the sea- 

 son's shoots, single or clustered. 



Fruit. Cones lateral, single or in clusters, nearly or quite 

 sessile, finally at right angles to the stem or twisted slightly 

 downward, ovoid, ovate-conical ; subspherical when open, ripen- 

 ing the second season ; scales thickened at the apex, armed 

 with stout, straight or recurved prickles. 



Horticultural Value. Hardy throughout New England ; 

 well adapted to exposed situations on highlands or along the 

 seacoast ; grows in almost any soil, but thrives best in sandy 

 or gravelly moist loams ; valuable among other trees for color- 

 effects and occasional picturesqueness of outline ; mostly 

 uninteresting and of uncertain habit ; subject to the loss of 

 the lower limbs, and not readily transplanted; very seldom 

 offered in quantity by nurserymen ; obtainable from collectors, 

 but collected plants are seldom successful. Usually prop- 

 agated from the seed. 



PLATE III. PINUS RIGIDA. 



1. Branch with sterile flowers. 6. Fertile flower showing ovuliferous 



2. Stamen, front view. scale with ovules, inner side. 



3. Stamen, top view. 7. Fruiting branch with cones one 



4. Branch with fertile flowers. and two years old. 



5. Fertile flower showing bract and 8. Open cone. 



ovuliferous scale, outer side. 9. Seed. 



10. Cross-section of leaf 



