70 TREES OF NEW ENGLAND. 



is shown by the black and yellow birches ; transplanted with- 

 out serious difficulty ; not offered by many nurserymen, but 

 may be obtained from northern collectors. 



PLATE XXXIV. BETULA PAPYRIFERA. 



1. Leaf-buds. 5. Fertile flower, front view. 



2. Flower-buds. 6. Scale of fertile flower. 



3. Flowering branch. 7. Fruiting branch. 



4. Sterile flower, front view. 8. Fruit. 



Alnus glutinosa, Medic. 

 EUROPEAN ALDER. 



This is the common alder of Great Britain and central 

 Europe southward, growing chiefly along water courses, in 

 boggy grounds and upon moist mountain slopes ; introduced 

 into the United States and occasionally escaping from culti- 

 vation ; sometimes thoroughly established locally. In Med- 

 ford, Mass., there are many of these plants growing about 

 two small ponds and upon the neighboring lowlands, most 

 of them small, but among them are several trees 30-40 feet 

 in height and 8-12 inches in diameter at the ground, dis- 

 tinguishable at a glance from the shrubby native alders by 

 their greater size, more erect habit, and darker trunks. 



FAGACE^E. BEECH FAMILY. 

 Fagus ferruginea, Ait. 



Fagus Americana, Sweet. Fagus atropunicea, Sudw. 

 BEECH. 



Habitat and Range. Moist, rocky soil. 

 Nova Scotia through Quebec and Ontario. 



Maine, abundant ; New Hampshire, throughout the 

 state ; common on the Connect icut-Merrimac watershed, 

 enters largely into the composition of the hardwood for- 

 ests of Coos county ; Vermont, abundant ; Massachusetts, 



