90 LLOYD'S NATURAL HISTORY. 



I. THE WOOD-LARK. LULLUI.A ARBOREA, 



(Plate XI L> Fig. 2.) 



Aiauda arborea, Linn., S. N., i., p. 287 (1766); Macg., Br. B., 

 ii., p. 174 (1839); Dresser, B. Eur., iv., p. 321, pi. 232 

 (1872) ; Newt. ed. Yarr., i., p. 625 (1874) ; B. O. U. List 

 Br. B., p. 71 (1883); Seeb., Br. B., ii., p. 256(1884); 

 Lilford, Col. Fig. Br. B., pt. iv. (1887); Saunders, Man., 

 p. 241 (1889); Wyatt, Brit. B., pi. 24, fig. i (1894). 



Lullula arborea, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., xiii., p^. 636 (1890). 



Adult Male. Sandy rufous, broadly streaked with black, 

 except on the mantle, where the streaks are less distinct and 

 the colour is rather paler ; lower back and rump ashy brown, 

 with a reddish tinge on the upper tail-coverts; wing-coverts 

 dark brown, margined with rufous ; primary coverts black, 

 tipped with whitish, and forming a distinct patch on the wing ; 

 tail-feathers black, with a triangular white spot at the ends, the 

 outer feather smoky brown, with an oblique black mark on the 

 inner web ; crown sandy buff, streaked with black, a broad line 

 of white over the eye nearly meeting on the hinder crown ; 

 ear-coverts rufous, with a dark brown upper edge ; under sur- 

 face of body white, the breast and abdomen tinge4 with yellow ; 

 throat, fore-neck, and chest, as well as the sides of the body, 

 streaked with black ; flanks brown ; axillaries and under wing- 

 coverts leaden grey. Total length, 5^5 inches; oilmen, 0*5; 

 wing, 3*65 ; tail, 1*9 ; tarsus, 0*8. 



Adult Female. Similar in colour to the male and equal in 

 size. Wing, 3-6-3-8. 



Range in Great Britain. A decidedly local bird, more plentiful 

 in the Southern Counties of England, and decreasing in num- 

 bers towards the north, though it has been found breeding in 

 Stirlingshire by Mr. Harvie-Brown. In other parts of Scotland 

 it is only known as a migrant. It is resident in Ireland in 

 a few places only. 



Range outside the British Islands. Found generally throughout 

 Europe, and as far east as Persia, but does not extend very far 

 north, reaching to about 60 N. lat. in Scandinavia and 

 Western Russia and the valley of the Volga in Eastern Russia, 



