274 LLOYD'S NATURAL HISTORY. 



tail is light chestnut, or russet-brown, the second primary 

 longer than the sixth, and the first, or bastard-primary, is so 

 small as to be less than one-third of the length of the second. 

 The Nightingale which comes to England in the summer is 

 replaced on the Continent from the valley of the Rhine and 

 Southern Sweden eastward by Daulias philomefa, the " Thrush- 

 Nightingale," which extends to Turkestan and South-west 

 Siberia, and winters as far south as Nyasa-Land in Africa. In 

 certain parts of Turkestan and Persia, a third species, Daulias 

 golzij occurs and winters in Northern India. 



I. THE COMMON NIGHTINGALE. DAULIAS LUSCINIA. 

 (Plate XXIII.) 



Motacilla luscinia. Linn., Syst. Nat., i., p. 328 (1766). 



Philomela luscinia, Macg., Br. B., ii., p. 221 (1839). 



Daulias luscinia^ Newt. ed. Yarr., i., p. 312 (1872) ; Dresser, B. 



Eur., ii., p. 363, pi. 56 (1876) ; B. O. U. List Br. B., 



p. ii (1883); Lilford, Col. Fig. Br. B., pt. 9 (1888); 



Saunders, Man., p. 39 (1889). 

 Erithacus luscinia, Seeb., Cat. B. Brit. Mus., v., p. 294 (1881); 



id. Br. B. i., p. 276 (1883). 



Adult Male. General colour above russet-brown, more rufous 

 on the upper tail-coverts ; upper wing-coverts like the back ; 

 bastard-wing, primary-coverts and quills dusky-brown, ex- 

 ternally rufous-brown ; tail-feathers light chestnut, brown on 

 the edges and on the centre feathers ; head like the back ; 

 lores grey ; eyelid whitish ; ear-coverts ruddy-brown like the 

 back ; cheeks ashy, shading into the sides of neck ; throat and 

 under surface of the body dull whitish, the lower throat, chest, 

 and sides of body ashy-grey with a brownish tinge ; the under 

 tail-coverts fulvescent ; thighs dark brown ; under wing- coverts 

 buff, with ashy bases ; the lower primary-coverts ashy-brown, 

 with buffy -white tips; quills dusky below, ashy-fulvous along 

 the inner web; bill brown, the lower mandible horn-colour; 

 feet and claws, brown; iris hazel. Total length, 6*5 inches; 

 culmen, 0-55; wing, 3-4; tail, 275; tarsus, 1-05. 



Adult Female. Similar to the male in colour. Total length, 

 6 inches; wing, 3-2. 



