62 LLOYD'S NATURAL HISTORY. 



with wavy bars of dusky-black ; wing-coverts for the most 

 part white, those round the edge of the wing black ; greater 

 coverts black at the base, white for their terminal half; bastard- 

 wing, primary-coverts, and quills black, the secondaries white 

 with black bases, the inner ones white, with a narrow external 

 border of b!ack ; head all round purplish-black, with a crest 

 of narrow hair-like feathers, the sides of the crown and neck 

 glossed with green; the neck all round white, forming a collar, 

 with a narrow line of black from the nape to the mantle ; the 

 sides of the hind-neck vinous-chestnut, mottled with black 

 edges to the feathers, this chestnut colour extending across 

 the fore-neck ; remainder of under surface of body white from 

 the chest downwards ; sides of the chest black, the feathers 

 with a large white mark on the inner web, forming an orna- 

 mental patch ; sides of the body ashy-grey, freckled with 

 dusky vermiculations and cross-lines; axillaries and under 

 wing-coverts white, the coverts round the edge of the wing 

 dusky-brown ; quill-lining ashy ; bill bright vermilion, the nail 

 black, and the ridge of the upper mandible dusky; feet bright 

 vermilion; iris bright red. Total length, 22 inches; culmen, 

 2-4; wing, 9-9; tail, 3-5; tarsus, r6. 



Adult Female. Different from the male. Dusky-brown above, 

 with ashy margins to the feathers ; wing-coverts ashy-brown, 

 with the greater wing-coverts and secondary quills as in the 

 male, white with black bases, but the inner secondaries brown 

 instead of white ; crown of head dingy-brown, as also the 

 occipital crest plumes ; sides of the face and sides of neck 

 dull rufous or reddish-brown, slightly paler and more vinous 

 on the throat ; the chin whitish ; remainder of under surface 

 of body from the lower throat downwards white; the sides of 

 the body ashy-brown, with greyish edges to the feathers ; axil- 

 laries and under wing-coverts white, those near the edge of the 

 wing dusky-brown ; bill and feet as in the male, but duller in 

 colour. Total length, 21 inches; wing, 87. 



Young Males. At first resemble the female, but have a some- 

 what shorter crest. In their first spring they appear to develop 

 the full characters of the adult bird, but retain for some time 

 the rufous face and neck of the female plumage. 



Nestling. Dark brown above, white below, with brown on 



