THE SUMMER-SNIPES. 287 



clay-colour to greenish-white, with chocolate-brown spots and 

 blotches, as a rule equally distributed, but sometimes more 

 thickly round the larger end, the underlying spots purplish-grey. 

 Axis, 1*3-1-6; diam., 0-95-1-05. 



II. THE AMERICAN SUMMER-SNIPE, OR SPOTTED SANDPIPER. 

 TRINGOIDES MACULARIUS. 



(Plate LXXXIX., Fig 2. ) 



Tringa macularia. Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 249 (1766). 

 Actitis macularia, Macgill. Brit. B. iv. p. 356 (1852). 

 Totanus macularius, Saunders, ed. Yarrell's Brit. B. iii. p. 452 



(1883) ; Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 122, pi. 30 (1885) ; 



Saunders, Man. Brit. B. p. 592 (1889). 

 Tringoides macularius, B. O. U. List Brit. B. p. 174 (1883); 



Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xxiv. p. 468 (1896). 



Adult Male in Breeding Plumage. Similar to T. hypohucus, but 

 much more strongly barred with black on the upper surface, 

 and thickly spotted with black underneath ; the size is also 

 smaller, and, in the skin, the bill is almost entirely fleshy-yellow; 

 the inner secondaries likewise show less white than in the allied 

 species ; bill greenish-olive above, yellow beneath, the point of 

 both mandibles black ; feet pale yellowish flesh-colour, claws 

 black ; iris hazel. Total length, 6-5 inches; culmen, i ; wing, 

 4; tail, 1*85 ; tarsus, 0-85. 



Adult Female in Breeding Plumage. Similar to the male, and 

 quite as heavily spotted below. Total length, 6*5 inches ; wing, 

 4-1. 



Young. Differs from the adult in being more olive-brown, 

 and entirely wanting the black spots of the under-surface ; the 

 upper surface barred across with reddish-brown and black. 



Adult in Wintor Plumage. More olive-brown than in summer, 

 and lacking the bronzy shade ; the under surface of the body 

 white, with few or no shaft-lines of brown on the fore-neck and 

 chest, and having the sides of the upper-breast ashy-brown. 



Characters. The spotted breast of the adult readily distin- 

 guishes this species from T. hypoleucus^ but specimens in winter 



