78 WEST-AMERICAN 



though composed of a large number of species, they 

 are all usually regarded as forming one genus, with 

 small, consolidated, berry-like fruit. The berries 

 often show vestiges of scales like ear-tips. 



Twelfth Genus, JUNIPERUS 



Linn. 

 THE JUNIPERS. 



Twenty species in the Old World (two of them ap- 

 parently reaching North America), five in Mexico, 

 and four or five in more northern regions. Heart- 

 wood reddish. Flowers often dioecious. 



Three Sub-Genera: 



Sub Genus I, OXYCEDRUS 



PRICKLY JUNIPERS. 



Flowers axillary; leaves in 3's, free and jointed at 

 base, awl-shaped, sharp pointed, whitened above, not 

 glandular-pitted. Berries small, smooth. 



Twelve Species; 1 in Western North America: 



No. i Common Juniper - J- communis, Linn. 



Shrubs with spreading branches, rarely a small 

 tree; the branchlets thickly armed with half-inch 

 sharp leaves; berries dark blue. 



Eastern. States and Canada, reaching Northwest 

 America, in British Columbia and Alaska. 



