CONE-BEARERS. 99 



took up a preemption on the shores of Coos Bay, 

 Oregon. 



Small, light-green trees of the North coast Cypress are 

 found near the south end of the range, with the larger, 

 dark-foliaged Mountain Cypress near Clear Lake and 

 Ukiah, while a few Sugar and Mountain Pines dominate 

 the highest peaks of the range, with Nutmeg trees and 

 red-berried Yew trees along the coast streams. 



SIERRA NEVADA. 



Crossing the great Valley of California, we approach 

 the mighty Sierra Nevada, extending northwesterly 600 

 miles, with a breadth of 60 miles. Its forest one of the 

 largest and most valuable on the earth comprises many 

 species of conifers, which can only be briefly mentioned. 



The lovely Gray -leaf Pine flecks the foothills, the 

 darker Yellow Pines crowd the upper slopes, and at ele- 

 vations of 4,000 to 5,000 feet the columnar trunks of the 

 Giant Sequoia burst on the sight; Sugar Pine, and no 

 less monstrous Douglas Spruce, the California White Fir 

 and its red-barked, silver-plumaged relative, the Mag- 

 nificent Fir, next claim admiration, while at elevations 

 of 10,000 to 12,000 feet, the forest is fringed with the 

 stately Mountain Pine, and crowned with the crouching, 

 snow-bent forms of the storm-defying spires of the White- 

 bark Pine and the drooping-limbed Alpine Hemlock. 



As noted on the loftiest peaks of Arizona the San 

 Francisco Mountains so the culminating peak of the 

 Southern Sierra Mt. Whitney is draped with the 

 plume-branched Foxtail Pine, and, similarly, near Mt. 

 Shasta, is sequestered its close relative, the Balfour Pine. 



From end to end of the Sierra as elsewhere on 

 western mountains in high valleys are dense groves of 

 the slender, thin-barked Tamarack Pine, while large sec-, 

 tions are covered with exclusive forests of Black Pine or 

 of certain varieties of Yellow Pine. The Narrow-cone 

 pine, holding fast to every cone it ever bore on trunk and 

 limbs, is rarely met with in the Sierra, notably near Mt. 

 Shasta. The Incense Cedar becomes a large pyramid on 



