CEPHALOPODA. 303 



called by our fishermen, " sleeves," or " hose-fish," 

 are of great value as a bait. With these cuttles, 

 indeed, one half of all the cod taken at Newfound- 

 land is caught. They occur in vast numbers, at 

 different times on different coasts, and their large 

 shoals present a curious appearance. When they 

 approach, hundreds of vessels are ready for their 

 capture. At some seasons as many as 400 to 500 

 sail of English and French ships are engaged in the 

 Cuttle-fish fishery. During violent gales, hundreds 

 of tons are often thrown up together in beds on the 

 flat beaches, the decay of which spreads an intolerable 

 effluvium around. They are only used for bait, and 

 instead of nets being employed for their capture, 

 they are " jigged " by means of an instrument com- 

 posed of a number of hooks made for the purpose. 

 The cod is in best condition after having fed on the 

 Squids. Calamaries are very prolific ; their eggs are 

 deposited in the form of numerous lengthened bands, 

 radiating from a common centre, and spreading every 

 way into a circular form : each egg is of a glassy 

 transparency, and the young animal may be very 

 distinctly observed in each many days before the period 

 of their exclusion. These groups of eggs are often 

 seen floating on the surface of the sea, and are occa- 

 sionally thrown on shore. The whole group some- 

 times measures more than a foot in diameter, and 

 from its general appearance might easily be mistaken 

 for a large jelly-fish. 



The Hooked Squids (Onyclioteutliis) in their general 

 form and structure resemble the Calamaries ; but the 

 suckers, which arm the expanded disks at the end of 

 their long cable-like arms, are each of them provided 

 with a strong and sharp hook, composed of horny 

 substance, that projects backwards, and materially 

 increases the tenacity of their grasp. 



The Cuttle-fishes, properly so called (Sepia), in 

 addition to the sucker-bearing arms of the Poulpe, 

 are furnished with the long rope-like appendages of 

 the Calamary. The shape of the Cuttle is round and 



