INDEX. 583 



CHAPTER XXI. PAGE 



Vertebrate 309 



Distinguishing characters of vertebrate classes . .310 



Complete skeleton, how composed 311 



Nervous system of vertebra ta 311 



Increased perfection of the senses ..... 312 



Blood of vertebrata 312 



Variations of its temperature, the cause of important 



differences ........ 313 



Its effect upon the instincts and affections of different 



races of vertebrata 314 



CHAPTER XXIL 



First Class of Vertebrate : 



Fishes .314 



The infinite variety in their forms and endowments . 314 



Teeth of fishes 315 



Fins of fishes 316 



Food of fishes 316 



Armour of fishes . ....... .317 



Order of Spiny-finned Fishes (Acanthopterygii) . . . 319 



Perches . .319 



Sea perch . * . . . ... . . . 320 



Basse 320 



Mullets .320 



Surmullet 321 



Mailed-cheeks . . . . . . . .321 



Flying-gurnards. . . . . . . .321 



Squamipennes, how recognised 322 



Archers 322 



Shooting-fishes 322 



Labyrinthiform Pharyngeals ..... 323 



Climbing perch . . 323 



Mackerels 323 



Common mackerel 324 



Mackerel-fishing. . . . . ... .324 



Tunnies . 325 



Common tunny 325 



Important fisheries ..... . 325 



The madrague 325 



Thebonito 326 



Sword-fishes 326 



Centronotus 326 



Pilot-fish 326 



Dolphin fish, its variety of tints . . . . 327 



Riband-fishes . .328 



Mugiloids 328 



Grey mullet 328 



Order of Abdominal Soft-finned Fishes .... 329 



Carps 330 



Common carp ........ 330 



Golden carp 330 



Barbels .... ... 330 



