54 NATURE TEACHING. 



variety by propagating it by means of cuttings 

 or by grafting or budding. 



8. It will be readily understood that 

 budding and grafting can only be successfully 

 practised with plants possessing a cambium, 

 the absence of a cambium zone making these 

 operations impossible in other plants. Budding 

 and grafting are successful, only when the two 

 plants operated upon are nearly related, thus 

 oranges, limes, and lemons may be mutually 

 grafted on each other, but a mango cannot be 

 grafted on an orange nor a rose on a croton. 



PRACTICAL WORK. 



Examine a leafy- shoot of sugar-cane, co- 

 leus or of almost any other plant available, 

 and notice that it is made up of a stem bearing 

 leaves. Distinguish the nodes and internodes 

 and observe that the internodes get shorter as 

 you approach the top of the stem, the leaves 

 accordingly becoming more crowded. At the 

 very summit the internodes are extremely short 

 and the young leaves are packed together to 

 form the terminal leaf-bud. Observe the small- 

 er leaf-buds which occur just above the place 

 where a leaf joins the stem. 



