62 NATURE TEACHING. 



tions in the manner of shaping the cut ends of 

 stock and scion. In the simplest case, cut the 

 two ends obliquely and merely place them in 

 position ; the disadvantage of this method is 

 that they are very liable to slip. Means must 

 be taken, therefore, to prevent this, and it is 

 usual to cut a notch in the end of the stock 

 and a corresponding tongue or projection at 

 the end of the scion ; or the end of the stock 

 may be trimmed to a wedge, and in the scion 

 a V shaped incision made to fit accurately over 

 the wedge. The form of the joint adopted 

 may be varied indefinitely bub the great object 

 to be kept steadily in view is the bringing of 

 the cambial regions of the two cut surfaces 

 into close contact and retaining them there. 



8. Grafting a small scion on to a large 

 stock : In this case, as the cambium only 

 forms a narrow ring near the outer margin of 

 the stock, it is essential that the scien be 

 placed here also The simplest method of 

 working is as follows : Trim the end of the 

 scion to a long wedge and thrust this wedge 

 into the cambium of the stock, that is, between 

 its wood and bark. Another method is to 

 cut a V shaped piece of bark from the stock, 

 carrying the incision deep enough to remove 

 a portion of the wood also. Then cut the 



