DIVISION I. 

 SCHIZOMYCETIC FERMENTATION. 



SECTION I. 



GENERAL MORPHOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF 

 THE SOHIZOMYCETES. 



CHAPTER I. 



FORM AND DIMENSIONS. 



27. Forms of Growth. 



THE cell forms of all the Schizomycetes may be typified by a small rod ; hence 

 these organisms are generally known by the name of bacteria, from the Greek 

 rendering of this descriptive term, bakterion, a rod. 



When the dimensions of a bacterial cell are equal in all directions, it is 

 termed a coccus or micrococcus, monas or coccobacterium. On the other hand, 



FIG. 3. Spirochaeta and Spirilla. Mag. 950. (After P. Baumyarten.) 



i. Spirochaete Obermeieri, the cause of relapsing fever (Febris recurrens). 

 2 Spirochaeta from hum-in dental mucus. 



3. Deuecke's Spirocluute from putrescent cheese. 



4. Spirochaetal form of Koch's Cholera asiatica bacillus 



5. Spirillum volutaus, Colm. 



when the cell is not iso-diametrical, but exhibits a difference between length and 

 breadth, the name bacillus, or elongated rod, is applied, provided the length is 

 at least double the breadth ; but when the former does not attain this rela- 

 tive size, we then speak of bacteria. This latter term has therefore a twofold 

 application : a general one, in so far as all the fission fungi are briefly called 



25 



