EXAMINATIONS OF APPLE STARCH. 



95 



Some distance out in the fleshy portion is a line more or less dis- 

 tinctly shown, and commonly of a greenish color, called the core line. 

 This line is divisible into the same number of sections as the seed. cells, 

 the ends of each section bending in somewhat toward the seed cells. 

 The points where two of these portions, usually considered the carpels, a 

 meet may for convenience be called the "carpel seams." Midway 

 between the carpel seams and on the core line are greenish dots 

 the cut ends of nbrovascular bundles ^which might be called "carpel 

 ribs," since they are the midribs of the carpel leaves. Extending 

 down between the seed cells are wedge-shaped portions of flesh, which 

 may be called "core wedges." 



Outside the core line in the torus flesh are other zones which figure 

 in the course of ripening, though probably they are of little other 

 interest. Their prominence 

 varies in different varieties, 

 though there is a general 

 similarity for all the varie- 

 ties so far examined. The 

 most important of these are 

 oval-shaped regions, as seen 

 in cross section, situated in 

 the midst of the torus flesh, 

 and having the small ends 

 in juxtaposition to the h'bro- 

 vascular bundles. 



Flanking the sides of each 

 oval region, and extending 

 toward the fi b ro vase ula r 

 bundles, are two fan-shaped 

 portions which meet at the 



carpel seams and ribs, and form what might be termed " V-zones." 

 With these various zones in mind the photographs illustrating the 

 various stages in the ripening of apples may be clearly described. 



CHANGES IN STARCH CONTENT. 



The changes in starch content, and its location, for i varieties of 

 apples at various stages of development are shown in Plates II to V, 

 2 other varieties, not illustrated, being discussed from this point of 

 view. 



"Transactions of 111. Horticultural Society, 1894, new series, 28: 125, Possibilities 

 of Improvement, T. J. Burrill. 



FIG. 30. Diagrammatic cross section of apple showing lo- 

 cation of various regions anil structures: T, torus flesh; 

 C, core line; S, seed cells; O, oval regions; CS, core 

 seam; W, core wedge; R, carpel rib; V, V-zone. 



