96 STUDIES ON APPLES. 



WINTER PARADISE ( PLATE ll). 



The samples of this variety examined August 17 indicated by the 

 amount of starch present that ripening had already begun. The starch 

 had nearl} 7 all gone from the core wedges, but the torus flesh was heavily 

 charged with it. On September 24 the starch had practically disap- 

 peared from within the core line, and there was a marked diminution 

 in that of the torus flesh, especially in the oval zones. On October 15 

 most of the starch had disappeared, though some still persisted in the 

 region of the V -zones and fibrovascular bundles of the outer portion. 

 On October 23 only a trace of starch could be found, except in bruised 

 spots, and by the end of the month it had all disappeared. 



From the starch content it would appear that the ripening period of 

 the Winter Paradise begins about August 15, and is ended by the last 

 week of October, unless kept under special conditions of storage. 

 Since the ripening of th'e core region is practically completed before 

 the changes in the starchy portions of the torus flesh begin, the ripen- 

 ing may be divided into two fairly distinct steps. In the Winter 

 Paradise the first period of ripening extended from about August 15 

 to about the middle of September, and the second period from that 

 time to the last part of October. 



BEN DAVIS (PLATE in). 



On August 17 the fruit presented an even dense deposit of starch 

 throughout all parts of the flesh. On September 24 the starch had 

 begun to decrease. It was most pronounced in the core wedges, and 

 a very slight decrease in the density of color produced with iodin was 

 noticeable in certain parts of the torus flesh. When examined again, 

 on October 23, a decided change was found to have occurred during 

 the preceding month, and only small amounts of starch remained in the 

 V -zones and the periphery, and a week later, on October 30, no starch 

 at all remained. 



In the Ben Davis the ripening season is rather short, setting in 

 about the middle of September and being completed about the last of 

 October. 



HUNTSMAN ( PLATE IV ). 



The first fruit in this series was examined August 17, at which time 

 the ripening apparently had not begun, unless perhaps very slightly, 

 as there seemed to be small amounts of starch in the inner portions 

 of the "core wedges." However, it is usually true that there is less 

 starch in the core wedges than elsewhere, even in the green fruit. 



On September 24 the iodin test showed the starch to be nearly all 

 gone from the core region. Traces still remained in the tissues flank- 

 ing the carpel seams within the core flesh. A decrease was also 



