SUGAR, MOLASSES, CONFECTIONS, AND HONEY. 741 



RESUME. 



Out of the 175 samples analyzed there were adulterated 



Per cent. 



Out of 50 sugars None = 00 



Out of 50 sirups and molasses : 



With glucose . 30 



With tin 18 



With organic colors 5 



53 

 Allowing for repetition 11 



3-2 = 64 



Out of 50 honeys 24 = 48 



Out of 25 confections .' 14 = 56 



These figures need no comment, they tell their own story. 



In conclusion I wonld express my indebtedness to Messrs. E. G. Brainerd and R. 

 Ziebolz for the valuable assistance they have given me in the execution of the ana- 

 lytical work here recorded. 



ANALYSES BY CHEMICAL DIVISION, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICUL- 

 TURE. 



But 3 samples of high-priced candies were bought. The others were 

 cheap kinds bought at the small groceries. Polarization and glucose 

 determinations were done in the main in the same way as for the other 

 classes of samples. The gum drops and marshmallow samples pre- 

 sented great difficulties in polarization, owing to the presence of the 

 gum, presumably gum tragacanth. For these the method used was 

 to place 13.024 grams of the minced sample in a 100 cc flask, soften in 

 about 50 cc of warm water, add about 40 cc of alcohol, mix, add lead 

 acetate, cool, make up to the mark and filter enough for polarization, 

 an operation attended with great difficulty. 



For the inversion, a portion of the original unfiltered mixture was 

 poured in a 50 cc flask up to the mark, 5 cc of acid added and the 

 whole inverted as usiuil. Duplicates gave agreeing results, but of 

 course the inversion numbers for such samples are practically worth- 

 less. 



For the determination of insoluble matter a weighed portion of pow- 

 dered candy was placed in a beaker, covered with cold distilled water 

 and stirred vigorously, allowed to settle, the supernatant liquid poured 

 into a Gooch crucible, and the treatment repeated till all soluble matter 

 was washed out. 



Finally the residue was transferred to the crucible and the whole 

 dried and weighed. Drying was done either at 100 in an air bath, or 

 at ordinary temperatures over sulphuric acid, according to the nature 

 of the sample. After weighing it was ignited to get ash. Practically 

 no ash was obtained from the portion of the candies insoluble in water, 

 demonstrating the absence of mineral filling, such as terra alba, kaolin, 

 etc., which are reputed to be often used. Total ash was in no instance 

 18808 No. 13 8 



