GAME LAWS ABROAD. 279 



are excepted from the above prohibition, and that it is lawful 

 to destroy them in any manner or at any time of year. 

 Within the prohibited period above mentioned, only land- 

 owners, however, and the gamekeepers in their employ, are 

 allowed to destroy wild beasts on their private lands without 

 first giving notice to the local police. All other persons in- 

 tending to destroy wild beasts (such as bears, lynxes, wolves, 

 foxes, etc.), within that period, must give preliminary notice 

 of such intention. 



Par. 763 treats of shooting licences. These are said to be 

 required of all persons shooting in the neighbourhood of the 

 capitals (St. Petersburg and Moscow), even during the law- 

 ful shooting season. They are issued by the department of 

 the Ober-Jagermeister, and any person found shooting without 

 one is liable to fines, and in case of non-payment of such fines, 

 to the confiscation of his gun and dog or dogs. The evasion 

 of this regulation out of the shooting season exposes the 

 offender to the confiscation of all his shooting implements, in 

 addition to the fines in money laid down in Article 1172 of 

 the Statute of Punishments. All these fines and confiscations 

 to go to the Jagermeister department aforesaid. 



SWEDEN AND NORWAY. 



On leasehold property the tenant is entitled to kill game, 

 unless it be otherwise stipulated in the lease. 



In the northern provinces much land is totally unsur- 

 veyed, and unapportioned to any one ; there exists also there 

 what is termed " Overlopp's land," or land in excess of what 

 forms the proper area of a homestead, as determined by the 

 official survey. This latter land falls by law to the crown, 

 and is employed in augmenting such homesteads as are 

 deficient, and in creating new ones. 



On these two descriptions of land the right to kill game 

 and wild beasts is enjoyed by every one; subject, of course, 

 to certain restrictions. 



