290 BIED LIFE IN ENGLAND. 



exceeding twenty-five dollars, and shall also be liable to the 

 owner or -occupant for the value of the game killed or taken. 

 [We may note here, in passing, some facts which show 

 very clearly one phase of the misapprehension which exists 

 among some of our readers about the names of common 

 American birds and mammals. A writer may dislike to 

 have names misapplied, yet his language will show he is 

 ignorant of the zoological relations of the birds about which 

 he writes. We may tell him that the birds which he, perhaps, 

 calls partridge, pinnated grouse, and grouse, are all- of them 

 grouse. The first is the ruffed, the second the pinnated, and 

 the third the spruce grouse, and any one of them may properly 

 be called grouse. "Bob White" is commonly called quail in 

 the North, but throughout the South it is usually, and more 

 correctly, called "partridge," which name in the New Eng- 

 land States is invariably applied to the ruffed grouse. The 

 ruffed grouse is also called pheasant in Pennsylvania, Minne- 

 sota, and the South, very incorrectly, of course. Strictly 

 speaking, there are no true quail or partridge indigenous to 

 America, but "Bob White" and his south-western cousins 

 belong to the partridge family (Perdicedce), and are so closely 

 related to the true partridges that it is not a misuse of terms 

 to give them that name.] 



SWITZERLAND. 



Throughout the Swiss Confederation game is universally 

 recognized as the property of the State, but as each canton 

 possesses sovereign rights within the narrow limits of its 

 territory, the restrictive measures adopted for the preserva- 

 tion of game vary in many important respects. Notwith- 

 standing the evident care with which these measures have 

 been framed, and their gradually increasing stringency, they 

 have not, however, been hitherto attended with any marked 

 success, since the very existence of game, except perhaps in 

 a few specially favoured localities, is- generally admitted to 



