GAME LAWS ABROAD. 299 



are punishable " by the same fine and the confiscation of the 

 firearms or fishing implements of the delinquents." 



These laws and ordinances are purely theoretical, and the 

 practice of them is no longer observed in Spain. Shooting 

 goes o"n at all times and seasons ; snares, traps, and decoys 

 are used all over the country ; and the result is the most 

 alarming decrease in every species of game throughout the 

 country. 



With respect to what game is property of the State and 

 what of individuals, the law is as follows : 



All game in enclosed property, or property whose limits 

 are defined and marked by large stones, stakes, or anything 

 that is distinguishable, belongs to the proprietor of the soil, 

 who can shoot it himself, let it, or give permission to his 

 friends to shoot it. 



The proper authorities, i.e. the governor of each province, 

 can give permission to shoot on the lands belonging to the 

 State or to the villages (communal lands), or on any private 

 lands which are open: that is to say, which are not sur- 

 rounded by walls or fences, and whose limits are not defined 

 by landmarks, such as stones, posts, etc. 



Any game alighting in private property, or falling 

 wounded therein, belongs to the owner of the land, and not 

 the parties who may have shot or hunted it. 



Wolves, foxes, martens, wild cats, etc., are free game for 

 all persons, and in all seasons. 



GRAND DUCHY OF BADEN. 



The rights of killing and preserving game, which formerly 

 belonged exclusively to the State and the feudal lords 

 (" Standesherren " and " Grundherren "), were abolished as 

 such in 1848, and transferred under certain conditions and 

 regulations to the commune. 



The communes hold a trust, not a right. They represent 

 the landowners, and are compelled by the game law to let 



