Bird-Life in Labrador. 







shore" ). Lincoln's finch ("found young, July 4" ), SAVHIDJ) sparrow 

 ("abundant"), chewink ("northward to Labrador"), common crow 

 ( " tew" ), kingbird ( "breeding" ), pewee flycatcher ( "breeding" ), olive- 

 sided flycatcher, wood pewee, least ftycatcher ( "nesting" ), ruby-throated 

 humming bird ( " few " ), yellow-billed cuckoo ( " few " ), black-billed cuckoo 

 (with a question as to the exact locality), pigeon hawk ( "the eggs in three 

 instances, which occurred at Labrador, were five" ), marsh hawk ( "saw it 

 in Labrador" ), ruffed grouse ( " from Maryland to Labrador" ), American 

 oyster-catcher ("found several breeding"). Turner credits Audubon 

 with " Garia alba, ivory gull," white-winged gull ("few"), least tern 

 i "breeding: Southern shore"). I strongly suspect that many of these 

 were discovered along the northern portions of the Province of Quebec 

 the north shore of the River and Gulf of St. Lawrence I mean north of 

 Natashquan and south of Blanc Sablon, the line of Labrador proper. 



On the authority of Mr. C. Drexler and Mr. James McKenzie, many spe- 

 cies were found at Moose Factor}- ; these occur so near Labrador that they 

 are of interest from the possibility of their crossing the line into the inte- 

 rior of this peninsula. In the true acceptation of the word they are not, 

 Labrador birds, as can be easily proved. Black and white creeper (two 

 specimens, Drex. ), Cape May warbler (one, Drex.), Summer yellow bird 

 (one, Ft. George, Drex.), bay-breasted warbler (one, Drex.), small-billed 

 water thrush (one, Drex.), Philadelphia vireo (one, Drex.), cedar waxwing 

 (one, Drex.), purple finch (Drex.), Lincoln's finch ("specimens," Drex.), 

 least flycatcher (Drex.), belted kingfisher (one, Drex.); saw-whet owl (one, 

 Me K.), broad-winged hawk (one, McK.); passenger pigeon (one, Drex.); 

 great blue heron (one, McK.); American bittern (breeding, Drex.), Wil- 

 son's snipe ( "specimens at Rupert House," Drex.), sora rail (Drex.); Cas- 

 pian tern (one, McK.). 



Mr. Turner's own list, made for the most part at Fort Chimo and Un- 

 g.iva, Northern Labrador, is very valuable. He records : Alice's thrush 

 ("common, breeds") white wagtail or Motacilla alba (" four individu- 

 als" ), bay-breasted warbler ( "three, black river, Hamilton Inlet, July 9, 

 1SS2"), small-billed water thrush ("several"), great northern shrike 

 ("not common, breeds "), barn swallow (" breeds at head of Hamilton 

 inlet" ), white-winged crossbill ("abundant, breeds" ), mealy redpoll A. 

 honiemanni and greater redpoll A. horn, rostrata (" common in Win- 

 ter" ), white-rumped redpoll A. horn, exilipes and common redpoll A. II- 

 tiaria (" abundant and resident"), goldfinch ("occurs in southern por- 

 tions of Labrador" ), Lincoln's finch ( "rare" ), black Canada jay ( "resi- 

 dent and Breeds, coastwise and interior"), ruby-throated hummingbird 

 (one), black-backed and banded-backed three-toed woodpeckers I "common 

 and resident ' ), yellow-shafted flicker and short-eared owl ("common in 

 Summer only" ), dusky horned owl />. rirginianns scitiiTdttis ( "not rare, 

 resident" ), the gerfalcons //. /.s7^/a/r.s-, //. nixticohix, and //, rusticohis 



