become extinct before the reindeer period, as also some 

 of the cavern lion (Felis spelaea), of the cavern panther 

 (Felis pardus var. spelaea), and of a great number of 

 other Alpine animals (wild goat, bouquetin, wolf, 

 chamois &c.) ? there were found numerous stone instru- 

 ments of a very primitive form (type of the ancient 

 or primitive Mousterien). Real flint after the French 

 fashion are not found. The primitive man fetched the 

 material out of the valley of the Weissbach, situated 

 about 300 meters deeper; he must also have made an 

 exchange of tools. The cavern-bear-hunter of the Wild- 

 kirchli was so far advanced that he also made some 

 tools of bones (the oldest in Europe). See the photo- 

 graphs of some stone and bone tools from Wildkirchli. 



No. 15 C. The settlementof the Wildkirchli belongs 

 to the last middle ice period (Riss-Wiirm-Interglaziale 

 after Prof. Dr. Albrecht-Penck, Berlin). The original 

 objects found in that place are to be seen in the Home- 

 museum of the town of St. Gall 



Literatur: 1, Emil Bachler: Die prahistorische Kulturstatte 



in derWildkirchli-Ebenalphb'hle. 



Berichte der Schweiz. Naturforschenden Gesell- 

 schaft 1906. 



2. Emil Bachler : Das Wildkirchli, die alteste pra- 

 historische Kulturstation der 

 Schweiz und ihre Beziehungen 

 zu den altsteinzeitlichen Nieder- 

 lassungen der Menschen in 

 Europa. 



Schriften des Vereins fur Geschichte ties Boden- 

 sees und Umgebung, Heft XL I, 

 1912. 



o. 



Groups of Swiss Alpine Animals 



Place where shot: 



No. 1. Lutra vulgaris. Common otters Berne, Aare 

 2. Canis vulpes. Foxes lying in 



wait of rock ptarmigans . Pilatus 



