74 



GLOSSARY. 



Gran'ulate (Lat. granum, a grain). 

 To form, or be formed, into grains 

 or small masses. 



Granulation (Lat. granum, a grain). 

 The act of forming into grains ; a 

 small fleshy body springing up on 

 ' the surface of wounds. 



Graph'ite (Gr. ypatpca, graphs, I 

 write). Black-lead ; a mineral con- 

 sisting of carbon, generally with a 

 small quantity of iron. 



Grap'tolites (Gr. ypafyw, grapho, I 

 write; XiQos, lith'os, a stone). Fossil 

 zoophytes or protozoa which give 

 the appearance of writing or sculp- 

 ture to the stone in which they are 

 found. 



Grauwac'ke or Greywac'ke (Germ. 

 grau, grey ; wacke, a kind of stone 

 so called). A kind of sandstone 

 consisting of different minerals. 



Gravim'eter (Lat. gravis, heavy ; Gr. 

 (jLtrpov, metron, a measure). An 

 instrument for measuring specific 

 gravities. 



Gravitate (Lat. gravis, heavy). To 

 tend towards the centre of a body. 



Gravita'tion (Lat. gravis, heavy). 

 The act of tending towards a centre ; 

 the force by which bodies are drawn 

 towards the centre of the earth or 

 other centres. 



Grav'ity (Lat. gravis, heavy). Weight ; 

 the force by which bodies tend 

 towards the centre of the earth or 

 another centre. Specific gravity is 

 the weight of a body compared with 

 the weight of an equal bulk of some 

 other body, taken as unity. 



Greensand. The lower group of the 

 chalk system, in which many of the 

 beds are coloured green. 



Greenstone. A rock composed of 

 feldspar and hornblende. 



Grega'rious (Lat. grex, a herd). 

 Living in flocks or herds. 



Grego'rian Year. The year accord- 

 ing to the ordinary reckoning, as 

 reformed by Pope Gregory XIII. 



Greywac'ke. See Grauwacke. 



Grit. In geology, a term applied to 

 any hard sandstone in which the 

 grains are sharper than in ordinary 

 sandstone. 



Groined. In architecture, formed of 



vaults or arches which intersect and 

 form angles with each other. 



Gummif' erous (Lat. gummi, gum ; 

 fero, I bear). Producing gum. 



Gun Cotton. An explosive material, 

 formed by steeping cotton-wool or 

 vegetable fibre in a mixture of 

 nitric and sulphuric acids. 



Gus'tatory (Lat. gusto, I taste). Be- 

 longing to taste. 



Gutta Sere'na (Lat.). An old term 

 for blindness from loss of power in 

 the nervous system of the eye. 



Guttif erous (Lat. gutta, a drop ; fero, 

 I bear). Producing gum or resin. 



Guttural (Lat. guttur, the throat). 

 Belonging to, or formed by, the 

 throat. 



Gymna'sium (Gr. yv/j-vos, gumnos, 

 naked). Originally, a place for 

 athletic exercises ; but also applied 

 to schools for mental instruction. 



Gymnas'tic (Gr. yv^os, gumnos, 

 naked). Pertaining to athletic ex- 

 ercises. 



Gym'nodont (Gr. JV/JLVOS, gumnos, 

 naked ; oSovs, odous, a tooth). 

 Having naked jteeth : applied to 



some fishes in which the jaws are 

 covered with an ivory-like substance 

 in place of teeth. 



Gym'nogens (Gr. yvpvos, gumnos, 

 naked ; yevvoua, gennao, I produce). 

 Plants with naked seeds. 



Gym'nosperms (Gr. yvpvos, gumnos, 

 naked ; (nrepfj.a, sperma, seed). 

 Plants having seeds apparently 

 without a covering. 



Gym'nospore (Gr. yv/j.vos, gumnos, 

 naked ; a-iropa, spora, seed). A 

 term applied to the spores of aco- 

 tyledonous plants, when they are 

 developed outside the cell in which 

 they are produced. 



Gynan'dria (Gr. ywri, gune, a fe- 

 male ; avr]p, aner, a man). A class 

 of plants in the Linnsean system, 

 in which the stamens and pistils 

 are consolidated. 



Gy'nobase (Gr. 71/1/77, gune, a female ; 

 Pavis, basis, a base). In botany, 

 a fleshy substance in the centre of 

 a flower, bearing a single row of 

 carpels. 



Gynoe'ceum (Gr. 71^77, gune, a female ; 



