2IO 



INDIVIDUALITY IN ORGANISMS 



156; in root system, 157; nature 

 of, 170; in the neuron, 173; 

 decrease of, in relation to physio- 

 logical isolation, 193; in corals, 

 197, See also Gradients; Indi- 

 vidual; Isolation 



Entelechy, 23, 137, 184 



Evolution: increasing stability of 

 order in, 6; in relation to envi- 

 ronment, 204; as an equilibra- 

 tion process, 205 



Fertilization, 199 



Fission; in Stenostomum, 79; in 

 Planar ia, 92, 140, 141 



Frog, developmental gradient in 

 early development of, 66 



Ginkgo: developmental gradient in 

 embryo of, 73; formation of 

 growing tip of, 77 



Gradients, developmental: in re- 

 lation to metabolic gradients, 

 65; in early embryo of frog, 66; 

 in flatworm, 67; in chick em- 

 bryo, 69; in relation to rate of 

 growth, 72; in embryo of moss, 

 73; in embryo of Ginkgo, 73; 

 in plant axes, 73; in bilater- 

 ally symmetrical plants, 77; in 

 agamic reproduction of Pen- 

 naria, 79; in reconstitution of 

 Planaria, 81; in Metzgeria, 83; 

 in adventitious buds of Bego- 

 nia, 83; in buds on callus, 86. 

 See also Gradients, metabolic 



Gradients, metabolic: origin of^ 

 29, 181; as simplest expression 

 of order, 35, 187; in relation 

 to physiological dominance and 

 subordination, 36, 170; inter- 

 ference between, 39, 178; effect 

 of, on protoplasm, 40; inherit- 

 ance of, 41, 182; as basis of 

 qualitative differences, 42; dem- 

 onstration of, as susceptibility 

 gradients, 52; in animals, 53, 

 59; in Stentor, 55; in starfish 



egg, 56; in parts and organs, 57; 

 demonstration of, by differen- 

 tial inhibition, 58; in relation to 

 axes, 60; in plants, 61; as 

 gradients in carbon-dioxide pro- 

 duction, 62; in neuron, 62, 151, 

 173; in relation to differences in 

 electrical potential, 63; dem- 

 onstration of, by differential 

 staining, 64; in relation to 

 developmental gradients, 65, 

 79; in experimental repro- 

 duction in Marchantia, 86, 165; 

 in Tubularia, 91; in agamic 

 reproduction of Planaria, 93; 

 independence of apical regions 

 of, 96; in reconstitution of 

 Tubular ia, 130; control of 

 length of, in Planaria, 140; ex- 

 perimental obliteration and de- 

 termination of, 142; localization 

 as resultant of different, 164; 

 problem of different kinds of, 

 178; relation of, to inhibition, 

 178, See also Axis; Domi- 

 nance; Individual 



Growling tip: as feature of plant 

 individual, 73; in relation to de- 

 velopmental gradients, 74; in 

 adventitious individuals, 83; in 

 relation to range of dominance, 

 150; dominance of, in plants, 

 152; localization of, as resultant 

 of different axes, 165; self- 

 determination in, 189; condi- 

 tions determining character of, 

 190 



Harenactis, control of reconstitu- 

 tion in, 146 



Head-determination, in Planaria, 

 III 



Headless form; in Planaria, 106; 

 conditions determining, 118, 

 141 



Head-frequency: in pieces of Pla- 

 naria, 108; experimental altera- 

 tion of, 108; interpretation of, 

 119; relation of, to metabolic 

 rate, 184 



