AGRICULTURAL BOTANY 159 



branches thrown up at various points, several new 



plants being thus formed when the vine between is cut. 



Plants which send up a large number of stems from 



a single root may be layered by filling up the soil in a 



FIG. 80. A Rooted Layer. 



mound around the bases of the stems. New roots 

 are thus sent out by each stem, and when fully devel- 

 oped, the parent plant may be separated into several 

 new plants. 



Grafting consists in placing in close contact the cam- 

 bium layer of a severed portion of one plant and the 

 cambium layer of the root or stem of another plant. 

 The portion cut from one plant for grafting to another 

 plant is called a scion. 



Time for Cutting Scions. Scions of fruit trees are 

 cut just after the fall of the leaves in autumn. They 

 are then made into bundles and buried in moist sand, 

 and kept in a temperature that is above freezing point, 

 but below growing point. Sometimes good results 

 are obtained by cutting the scions in the spring and 

 grafting them at once, that is, if cleft grafting is to be 

 employed. 



What Grafting will Accomplish. While it is true 

 that the scion will unite with another plant, the stock, 

 it must not be thought that the graft loses its charac- 



