FARM ANIMALS 343 



for two minutes, then taken out and the percentage of fat read from the 

 neck of the bottle, which has a scale graduated from o to 10. 



The dairyman who wishes to know whether individual 

 cows are profitable, or the comparative value of his 

 different cows, can get this information by weighing and 

 testing the milk for a given period. If the test of a 

 given cow taken successively shows an average of 5.2 per 

 cent, this means that in 1000 pounds of her milk there 

 are 52 pounds of butter fat. This will make about 60 

 pounds of butter (one sixth more). Knowing the cost 

 of the cow and having ascertained the cost of feeding, 

 he can compute the cost of butter. 



HORSES 



There are two classes of horses of interest to the 

 farmer, draft horses and carriage horses. The latter 

 class includes the American trotting horse and the 

 English coach horse. 



These two great classes of horses have strongly 

 marked characteristics which make them easily dis- 

 tinguished from each other. The best draft horses have 

 good feet and legs, a well-developed body, deep, wide, 

 and short, and weigh from 1800 pounds upwards. 

 The hoofs are large, round, and wide at the heel. The 

 legs are rather short, and are well set under the body. 

 The Percheron from France, Belgian from Belgium, 

 Clydesdale from Scotland, and Shire from England are 

 four of the best known breeds, the first being the most 

 popular in this country. Comparatively few farmers 

 in the United States purchase or breed pure draft 

 horses. Their preference is for a horse of mixed type, 

 not so heavy as the draft horse nor so light as the trotter. 



