Darwin- Wallace Celebration. 19 



Selection/' was read before the Society, \vas certainly-justified 

 by its incomparable importance, which the Darwinian theory 

 has acquired for all branches of human science in the last 

 fifty years, and by the deep reform of human thought effected 

 by the scientific discovery of the true human origin. 



The German University of Jena belongs to those places of 

 scientific work, in which the universal signification of the 

 Darwinian theories was immediately received and practically 

 employed in a long series of splendid works of celebrated 

 naturalists. In a few weeks (at the end of this month, on 

 the 30th or 31st July) the University of Jena will celebrate 

 the 350th anniversary of its foundation. On this memorable 

 occasion, I intend to dedicate to our Academy the new 

 Phyletic Museum, founded by me on the first of January 1907. 

 The building which is just completed of this first Museum of 

 Phyletic Science will not only be an historical and biological 

 collection of all the different materials belonging to the 

 science of evolution, as well ontogeny as phylogeny, but it 

 will be a true temple of Darwinism, a perpetual monument of 

 all those highest philosophical conceptions for which we are 

 indebted to the genial works of Charles Darwin and his 

 grandfather Erasmus, of Alfred Wallace and Joseph Hooker, 

 of Charles Lyell and Thomas Huxley of their predecessors 

 in France, Jean Lamarck and Geoffrey St. Hilaire, and in 

 Germany, Wolfgang Goethe and Reinhold Treviranus. The 

 portraits and biographies of these eminent champions of evolu- 

 tionary sciences, and of their numerous leading followers will 

 be collected in the Phyletic Archiv and Library, which form 

 a remarkable part of my Phyletic Museum. Another part of 

 the same will be dedicated to the actual, comparative and 

 experimental study of the separate branches of the Darwinian 

 theory. A special anthropological part of the Phyletic 

 Museum will contain all those important documents of 

 human origin, which have been treated by me in the ' Anthro- 

 pogenie/ and to which I was conducted by Darwin's classical 

 work : ' The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to 

 Sex/ and by Huxley's excellent lectures on ' Man's Place 

 in Nature.' Numerous objects, books, and illustrations will 

 explain this most important branch of Darwinism. 



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