308 BUILDINGS, SANITATION, AND DISEASES 



it, aids materially in maintaining a proper sanitary condition. 

 The manure pit is concreted, which enables the saving of all 

 liquid excrements. 



" The swinging gates close the pigs into their beds, facilitate 

 the changing of pigs from pen to pen and allow the easy removal 

 of manure. 



" The general plan can be used and the dimensions and ma- 

 terials modified so as to meet the demands of circumstances. 



" The question most often asked about this piggery is whether 

 it is warm enough. This can be answered in the affirmative 

 except for very cold winter weather. When a sheltered location 

 cannot be chosen, sufficient protection can be furnished by some 

 kind of movable or swinging frames to close the beds during ex- 

 tremely cold nights. Another question often asked is whether 

 the cement floor is conducive to the health and comfort of the 

 pigs. The cement floor is satisfactory in this respect for a large 

 part of the year, and, during winter, the feeding floor is the only 

 part not covered heavily with bedding. 



" Provision is made in the plans of this piggery for outlets 

 at the north ends of pens to yards for exercise. The yard is a 

 valuable accessory to a building of this nature, and in choosing 

 the site care should be exercised to allow space for yards." 



PORTABLE PENS. 



The accompanying sketches (Figs. 76 and 77) show a very 

 cheap and easily constructed pen suitable for winter quarters 

 for breeding sows. The pen is sixteen feet long by eight feet 

 wide. It is seven feet high in front and three and a half feet 

 high at the rear. It is boarded with cheap lumber, but all 

 cracks are securely battened. It should be practically wind and 

 rain proof. The opening is at one corner, and the pen should 

 be set with the opening towards the south. A door is not 

 necessary. Plenty of bedding should be supplied and the pen 

 should be banked up outside with fresh horse manure to a 



