The capital then invested in cotton mills was, in round figures, 



The persons employed 



Average capital to each operative . . 



Average earnings of each operative per year . 



Value of product 



$64,000,000 



60,176 



$1,060 



$334 



$78,000,000 



BOOTS AND SHOES. 



Capital invested 



Persons employed 



Average capital to each person . 



Average earnings to each operative 



Value of product 



$18,700,000 



48,090 



$390 



$455 



$89,400,000 



LEATHER. 



Capital invested ...... 



Persons employed 



Average capital to each person .... 

 Average earnings to each ..... 

 Value of product 



METALS, METALLIC GOODS, MACHINES, 



Capital invested 



Persons employed 



Average capital to each person 



Average earnings to each person 



Value of products ...... 



. % . $8,400,000 



6,620 



$1,310 



$580 



. $23,700,000 



AND MACHINERY. 



. $35,800,000 

 27,124 

 $1,320 



$44,300,000 



But it is in the lesser arts that a small capital serves for the em- 

 plo} T ment of a large number of persons at full wages. 



In 1865 we had the following averages and numbers in Massachu- 

 setts : 



Agricultural implements . 

 Artisans' tools .... 

 Carriages and wagons 

 Clocks and watches .... 

 Clothing (in special establishments) 



Furniture 



Musical instruments 



Miscellaneous 



Employed. Earnings. 



1,176 

 1,132 

 3,003 

 1,106 



13,702 

 5,800 

 2,095 



18,676 



$680 

 646 

 622 

 707 

 446 

 570 

 866 

 426 



These are but a portion. Outside of this list may be found the 

 thirt} r thousand blacksmiths, carpenters, tinsmiths, coopers, harness- 

 makers, plumbers, roofers, and other artisans, employing but a small 

 capital, and each earning, on the average, five hundred and eighty 

 dollars per year. 



Since 1875 the specie standard has been restored, prosperity has 

 returned, and all these earnings must be increased by ten to twenty- 

 live per cent ; in some branches even more. 



