Sept., 1920] INSPECTION OF FEEDING STUFFS. 5 



Fat is determined by extracting a dried sample of the feed- 

 stuff with ether and weighing the residue after the ether is 

 driven oft". In main it contains the vegetable fats of which 

 olive oil, linseed oil, peanut oil, and cottonseed oil are exam- 

 ples. It contains also small amounts of clorophyll (the green 

 coloring matter of leaves), waxes and resins, etc. ; but for prac- 

 tical purposes it is accurate enough to deal with it as fat. 



Ash is determined by weighing the residue after the feedstuff 

 has been burned at a low temperature. It contains the min- 

 eral matter of the feedstuff. 



Moisture is determined by finding the loss in weight after 

 heating at the temperature of boiling water. It shows the 

 amount of water that the feed contains. 



Carbohydrates are determined by adding the percentage of 

 protein, fat, moisture, and ash and subtracting it from lOO. 

 The carbohydrates are composed largely of starches, sugars, 

 pentosans, celluloses, etc. The carbohydrates include the crude 

 fiber also. The percentage of carbohydrates less the percent- 

 age of crude fiber is called the nitrogen free extract. 



Crude Fiber is made up of the more woody-like carbohy- 

 drates, which are largely of cellulose nature. Pure cotton is 

 an example of almost pure cellulose. Wood, straw, corn fod- 

 der, etc., are materials which are high in crude fiber content. 



Value of the Analysis. 



The analysis enables the purchaser to buy and use his feeds 

 in the most economical way, by aiding him to determine : 



1. The comparative value of different feeds in dollars and 

 cents. 



2. "Whether the feed is of high or low quality. 



3. Whether the feed is of the type which meets his needs. 



4. How to balance his rations. 



What Are Foods for Animals? 



In order that an animal may continue to live even without 

 making growth or producing wool, eggs, milk or work, etc., 

 there are certain food materials which it must have. The ani- 

 mal must have a certain amount of protein, fat, carbohydrates. 



