QUAURUMANA. 5 



The next step was to ascertain whether any special 

 marks of resemblance would yield a further insight into 

 the affinities of the fossil, and justify its reference to any 

 of the genera of either family. A difference in the shape 

 of the hinder tubercle of the tooth, was first noticed in 

 the recent Quadrumana. In the Semnopithecidae it was 

 large, but simple ; in most of the Macacida. it was par- 

 tially subdivided into two cusps, the outer one being the 

 largest. As this character was well marked in the fossil, 

 it seemed decisive of its closer affinity to the Macacldec ; 

 and, as the smallest species in this family belong to the 

 typical genus, I referred the fossil to the Macacus, and 

 now propose to designate the extinct species represented 

 by it " Macacws eoceenus" the Eocene * Monkey or Ma- 

 cacque. The portion of the fossil jaw is narrower from 

 side to side, or more compressed, than in any of the ex- 

 isting Macacques, and the internal wall of the socket of the 

 tooth, in the fossil, is flatter and thinner. The ridge on 

 the outer side of the alveolus, which forms the commence- 

 ment of the anterior margin of the coronoid process, begins 

 closer to the tooth. 



These characters establish the specific distinction of the 

 extinct Macacque to which the fossil fragment of the jaw 

 belonged, and afford additional proof, if such were wanting, 

 that it could not have been accidentally introduced, in 

 recent times, into the stratum out of which it was dis- 

 interred, -f- 



* Eocene, a tenn invented by Mr. Lyell, from the Greek words vug, aurora, or 

 the dawn, and XO.HIOS, recent, expressive of the lowest division of the tertiary 

 strata, in which the extremely small proportion of fossil remains referrible to 

 species yet living, indicates the first commencement, or dawn, of the existing 

 state of the animal creation. 



+ A newspaper critic, when this discovery was first announced, suggested that 

 the supposed fossil might be nothing more than the remains of some monkey 

 belonging to a travelling menagerie, which had died, and been cast out in the 

 progress through Suffolk. 



