URSUS SPEL.EUS. 105 



large carnivorous quadrupeds, and among them those of the 

 Bear. 



In the valley of the Thames these deposits afford con- 

 siderable quantities of brick-earth, and in working this 

 material at Grays in Essex, and also at Whitstable, re- 

 mains of a large species of Ursus have been discovered. 



Mr. Brown of Stanway has obtained remains of a large 

 species of Bear from the freshwater formations of Clacton, 

 where they are associated with the Mammoth, Rhinoceros, 

 and other large extinct quadrupeds. The lower jaw from 

 the lacustrine beds near Bacton, in Norfolk, containing 

 evidences of the Mammoth, Trogontherium, Palseospalax, 

 and other extinct quadrupeds is referable, as has been already 

 pointed out, to the Ursus spel&us. 



In the newer pliocene fluviatile deposits traced by Mr. 

 Strickland from Warwickshire into the valley of the Severn, 

 near Tewkesbury, the remains of a Bear, which is regarded 

 with great probability as one of the extinct species of 

 Ursus, were discovered associated, as in the freshwater de- 

 posits in Essex, with remains of Hippopotamus, Rhino- 

 ceros, Mammoth, the great Aurochs, Wolf, and Deer. 



The latest Ursine remains having any claim to be ad- 

 mitted into a record of British Fossils, are the entire skull 

 and portions of the upper and lower jaws of the Bear from 

 the Cambridgeshire Fen, and they belong to the existing 

 European black variety of the Ursus Arctos. 



The oldest fossil referable to the genus Ursus from Bri- 

 tish strata is the crown of a molar tooth, which was found 

 associated with the teeth of a hog, and of a species of 

 Felis as large as a Leopard, at Newbourn, near Woodbridge, 

 Suffolk. Mr. Lyell, after examining the locality from 

 which Mr. Colchester obtained these teeth, inclines to the 

 belief that they came from the red crag. The Bear's 

 tooth is the antepenultimate grinder of the right side, 



