CANIS LUPUS. 125 



jaw, one heel-bone, (calcaneum,) and several bones of the 

 foot (metatarsals). These parts of the skeleton in the 

 Wolf, are not distinguishable from those in the larger 

 varieties of the Dog ; and, since in the same cave the left 

 side of a human skeleton was found, under a cover of six 

 inches of earth, whilst a modern breccia has been formed, 

 consisting of earth cemented by stalagmite, and containing 

 shells of edible mollusks and birds' 1 bones of existing spe- 

 cies, the analogical probability that the canine remains 

 were those of a Wolf is not so great as in the case of the 

 fossils from Kirkdale. 



In the enormous quarry at Oreston, near Plymouth, 

 produced by the removal of an entire hill of limestone for 

 the construction of the breakwater, there is an artificial 

 cliff, ninety-three feet above high-water mark, the face of 

 which is perforated and intersected by large irregular cracks 

 and cavities, which are more or less filled up with loam, 

 sand, or stalactite. These apertures are sections of fissures 

 and caverns that have been laid open in working away the 

 body of the rock, and are disposed in it after the manner 

 of chimney flues in a wall.* The most remarkable of these 

 cavernous fissures have been successively described by Mr. 

 Whidbey, the engineer of the breakwater, in the Philoso- 

 phical Transactions for 1817, 1821, and 1823. The vig- 

 nette (fig. 50) is copied from one of the illustrations of the 

 latest of those memoirs. In the gallery, or cavern, marked 

 E, were found several bones and teeth of a species of Canis, 

 identical in size and other characters with those from the 

 caves of Kirkdale and Paviland, and not distinguishable 

 from those of the recent Wolf. The chief of these re- 

 mains, with the associated fossils, and those from neigh- 



* Buckland, " Reliquiae Diluviante," p. 68. 



