224 pRonosciniA. 



lower jaw of a young Mammoth, from the bone-cave at 

 Kent's Hole, near Torquay : the crown of which is divided, 

 like that from Ilford and Kirkdale, into eight transverse 

 plates : and is supported by two fangs or roots, a small 

 anterior, and a thick and large pos- 



Fig. 87. 



terior one : the sockets of these 

 fangs are shown in fig. 86, anterior 

 to the empty socket of the third 

 molar in the young Mammoth, and 

 anterior to that molar which is in 



J Nat. size ^^ m ^ yQung Elephant> 



The average size of the second lower molar tooth in the 

 Indian Elephant,* is two inches and a half in length, and 

 one inch in breadth, which, compared with the dimensions 

 of the corresponding molar of the young Mammoth above 

 given, shows that already the specific character of the Ele- 

 phas primigenius, founded on the superior breadth of the 

 tooth, is recognisable. I have found this character still 

 more strongly manifested in the second molar of a young 

 Mammoth which had perished before that tooth had come 

 into use ; it was found in the pleistocene fresh- water 

 deposits, exposed on the sea-coast, near Cromer, Norfolk ; 

 the crown, which is divided, as in the rest, into eight plates, 

 measures three inches in antero-posterior diameter, and two 

 inches in breadth.-f- An entire second molar of the lower 

 jaw of a young Mammoth, from the pleistocene blue-clay at 

 Mundesley, Norfolk, had the crown, which measured three 

 inches in length, and one inch five lines in breadth, divided 

 into seven plates : it belongs to what will be subsequently 



* This tooth is shed before the Elephant has attained its sixth year. 



t The Mammoth's molar from the drift at Fouvent, figured by Cuvier in the 

 ' Ossemens Fossiles,' vol. i. pi. vi. fig. 2, as " une vraie molaire de lait," is a much 

 worn and naturally shed second molar : the figure is half the natural size. 



