248 PROHOSC1DIA. 



and markings of ivory, but was reduced to the colour and 

 consistency of horn, and retained a considerable degree 

 of elasticity. 



A very perfect specimen was dug up entire in 1842, 

 twelve feet below the surface, out of the drift gravel of 

 Cambridge ; it measured five feet in length and two feet 

 four inches across the chord of its curve, and eleven inches 

 in circumference at the thickest part of its base : this tusk 

 was purchased by the Royal College of Surgeons. The 

 smallest Mammoth's tusk which I have seen is in the 

 museum of Mr. Wickham Flower ; it is from the drift or 

 till at Ilford, Essex, and has belonged to a very young 

 Mammoth ; its length measured along the outer curve is 

 twelve inches and a half, and the circumference of its base 

 four inches. It has nevertheless been evidently put to use 

 by the young animal, the tip having been obliquely worn. 



Mr. Robert Bald * has described a portion of a Mam- 

 moth's tusk, thirty-nine inches long and thirteen inches in 

 circumference, which was found imbedded in diluvial clay at 

 Clifton Hall, between Edinburgh and Falkirk, fifteen or 

 twenty feet from the present surface. Two other tusks of 

 nearly the same size have been discovered at Kilmaurs in 

 Ayrshire, at the depth of seventeen feet and a half from the 

 surface, in diluvial clay. The state of preservation of these 

 tusks was nearly equal to that of the fossil ivory of Siberia ; 

 that described by Mr. Bald was sold by the workmen who 

 found it to an ivory-turner in Edinburgh for two pounds : 

 it was sawn asunder to be made into chessmen. The 

 tusks of the Mammoth found in England are usually 

 more decayed : but Dr. Bucklarid alludes to a tusk from 

 argillaceous diluvium on the Yorkshire coast, which was 

 hard enough to be used by the ivory-turners. A por- 



* Wernerian Trans, vol. iv. p. 58. 



