ELEPHAS PRIMIGENIUS. 253 



A humerus of the Mammoth, wanting the proximal end, 

 from Clacton, Essex, in the collection of Mr. Brown of 

 Stairway, measures two feet ten inches in length, and fifteen 

 inches six lines in median circumference, showing the thicker 

 proportions as compared with the existing Elephant. 



The bones of the fore leg of the Mammoth from British 

 localities have not offered any characters worthy of notice. 

 In the figure of the Siberian Mammoth, (fig. 85,) r is the 

 radius ; u the ulna. 



Of the bones of the fore foot, the specimens obtained by 

 Mr. Ball from the brick-loam near Grays, Essex, must 

 have belonged to a Mammoth as large as that which 

 furnished the great humerus from Cromer above described. 

 The following are the comparative dimensions of some of 

 those bones and of their analogues in the skeleton of Chuny, 

 the great Asiatic Elephant of Exeter Change : 



El.primigenius. El.Asiaticus. 



In. Lin. In. Lin. 



Os magnum, vertical diameter . 43 30 



Middle metacarpal, length . . .100 70 



Middle breadth of distal end . 49 34 



Mr. J. Wickham Flower possesses a fine and perfect 

 specimen of the femur of the Mammoth from the Essex 

 till, which offers the usual characteristic of the extinct 

 species in the relatively narrower posterior interspace 

 between the two condyles and in the thicker shaft. The 

 outer ridge of the femur extends about two-thirds down 

 the bone. The following are some of its dimensions, com- 

 pared with that of the Indian Elephant : 



El. primigenius. EL Indicus. 



Ft. In. Lin. Ft. In. Lin. 



Length . . . . .340 360 



Breadth across proximal end . . 116 110 



Breadth across back part of condyles .076 070 



Circumference of shaft . . . 126 100 



