296 PROBOSCIDIA. 



plete specimen hitherto recovered of the bony framework and 

 dentition of the Mastodon angustidens ; and not a fragment 

 of a bone or tooth of the Mastodon has yet been found in 

 these newer pliocene and post-tertiary deposits of England, 

 which are so rich in remains of the Mammoth. 



In other parts of the world the genus Mastodon, under 

 different specific forms from our European Mastodon angus- 

 tidens, has continued to be represented during a later epoch, 

 and to have been contemporaneous with the Mammoth, or 

 other extinct species of Elephant. In certain localities in 

 North America, famous for remains of the Mastodon gigan- 

 teus, as Big-bone Lick, the Mammoths bear to the Masto- 

 dons a proportion of one to five.* 



A species of Mastodon, nearly allied to the M. angus- 

 tidens by the form of the molar teeth, is associated with 

 the Elephantoid Mastodon, and with a true species of 

 Elephas, in the tertiary formations of the Sub-Himalayan 

 range. Another species of Mastodon, also nearly allied 

 to the M. angustidens, if we may judge from the con- 

 figuration of a molar tooth, has left its remains in the 

 ossiferous caves, and post-tertiary, or newer tertiary de- 

 posits of Australia.-f* From the conformity of the molar 

 teeth, Cuvier regarded a Mastodon, whose remains have 

 been discovered in Peru, as identical in species with the 

 Mastodon angustidens of Europe. 



We may therefore conclude, that the gigantic probos- 

 cidian modification of the Mammalian type was first mani- 

 fested on our planet under the generic form of the Masto- 

 don, and with teeth which differed less from those of the 

 older tapiroid Pachyderms, than do the grinders of the true 

 Elephants. No genus of quadruped has been more ex- 

 tensively diffused over the globe than the Mastodon. From 



* Dekay, ' Fauna of New York,' p. 102. + Annals of Natural History, 1844. 



