470 THE CYNOCEPHALI. 



The Derrias (Cynocephalus kamadryas), a native of the mountains 

 of Arabia and Abyssinia, measures upwards of four feet when standing 

 erect, and about two feet and a half in a sitting posture. The hair 

 of the head and neck gathers in a long mane, which falls back over 

 the shoulders ; the broad whiskers incline backwards so as to cover 

 the ears. The long face is of a dirty flesh-colour ; long, shaggy, 

 brownish hair covers the head, neck, shoulders, and all the fore-part 

 of the body. The tail terminates in a long tuft of brown hair. 



Equal in size to, but much stronger than, an English mastiff is 

 the Chacma, or Pig-faced Baboon (Cynocephalus porcarius), of the 

 Cape of Good Hope, where he inhabits the mountains, and makes fre- 

 quent forays in the gardens and plantations around Cape Town. His 

 yells and screams make night hideous. He wears a sober livery of 

 an uniform dark brown colour, with long shaggy mane-like hair about 

 his neck and shoulders. His skull is contracted and flattened, his 

 muzzle extremely prolonged, and the cheeks of both sexes are orna- 

 mented with small grayish whiskers. 



We must now direct our attention to the Anthropomorphes, or 

 Apes with a semi-human form, which, of all the Quadrumana, approach 

 nearest to man in form, stature, internal and external conformation, 

 manners, instinct, and development of intelligence. They have no 

 tail, and the Gibbons (Pitkecus lar), which occupy the lowest rank 

 among them, possess only the rudiments of ischiatic callosities. Nor 

 are they provided with those dilatable pouches worn by a great 

 number of other Primates on each side of the mouth, and named 

 by French naturalists abajoues. Their position, when they move 

 along the ground, is bent rather than erect, and they assist themselves 

 by their extraordinarily long anterior arms. These arms, in fact, are 

 much longer than their legs ; their thumbs, at the four extremities, 

 are opposed to the other fingers ; the palm of their hands and the 

 sole of their feet are naked, as well as their face. The sternum is 

 large and flat ; the clavicles are short and well articulated. 



The analogies between the Apes and Man are so striking and so 



