34 BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. 



CASES OF TYPE BY ABSOLUTE TAUTONYMY. 



The following cases, mentioned in this paper, may be taken as 

 examples of "type by absolute tautonymy:" 



Allodapa Diesing, 1861 (typica Diesing, 1861 = allodapa Creplin, 1853, renamed); also 

 _ monotypical ; also type by use of name typicus. 



Angiosloma Dujardin, 1845a (limacis, 1845 = angiostoma, 1866); also type by designa- 

 tion of Schneider, 1866, 148. 



Anguillula Mueller, 1786 (glutinis, 1783 = anguillula, 1773, renamed = redivivum, 1758, 

 renamed); Bastian, 1865c, 110, has designated A. aceti as type of Anguillula; 

 see special discussion 'below, p. 34. 



Anthuris Rudolphi, 1819 (anthuris); see special discussion, p. 48. 



Capsularia Zeder, 1800 (safaris, 1790, renamed capsularia, 1802; halecis, 1790, renamed 

 capsularia, 1802; page precedence calls for Solaris = capsularia) . 



Chaos Linnaeus, 1767 (chaos, 1758=prottieus, 1767). 



Cystidicola Fischer, 1798 (farionis, 1798 = cystidicola, 1801); also monotypical. 



Of the special nematode cases cited above, no author can possibly 

 object to the ruling on Allodapa and Cystidicola, since allodapa is 

 type also because of use of the word typica and since Allodapa and 

 Cystidicola are monotypical. 



Doubts may, however, arise in the minds of some authors as to 

 Angiostoma, Anguillula, Capsularia, and Chaos; hence a discussion 

 of these cases seems advisable. 



CASE OF Angiostoma DUJARDIN, 1845. 



Angiostoma was proposed with two species, entomelas and limacis. 

 Schneider (1866, 157) referred limacis to Leptodera as L. angiostoma, 

 thus giving an implied case of absolute tautonymy, on basis of which 

 we should rule that limacis is type of Angiostoma. Schneider (1866, 

 148) also appears to have designated limacis as type of Angiostoma, 

 for he says: " * * * zwei von Dujardin zuerst beschriebene Species, 

 deren jede bei ihm zugleich eine Gattung vertritt, * * *, Leptodera 

 flexilis und Angiostoma limacis * *." Accordingly, limacis 



would seem to be type by Schneider's designation as well as by 

 absolute tautonymy. 



CASE OF Anguillula MUELLER, 1786. 



The case of Anguillula is somewhat complicated. The name Vibrio 

 anguillula was proposed by Mueller, 1773, to contain certain worms 

 found "in glutine farinoso et alibi vulgarissimum." Later anguillula 

 was divided, was discarded as a specific name, and reintroduced as a 

 generic name; anguillula thus being raised to generic rank, Anguillula, 

 the species anguillula becomes type by absolute tautonymy of the 

 generic name Anguillula. The history of the species anguillula is, 

 therefore, the important factor in determining the present (restricted) 

 form which should serve as type. 



