78 BUKEAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. 



There is a coleopteron genus Mitrephorus^ 1837, and a bird genus 

 MitrepJiorus, 1859. What is the status of Mvtnrpkoros von Linstow, 

 1877, altered form of Mitrepliorm, 1877? 



Oxyuris Rudolphi, 1803, was altered to Ox-yurux by Lamarck, 1816. 

 What effect does this have upon Oxyurus Raf., 1810 (fish)? 



Spironoura Leidy, 1856, was apparently emended by Diesing, 1861, 

 to Spirura. There already existed a Spirura Blanchard, 1849, hence, 

 the emended form Spirura, 1861, is excluded since it is a homonym. 

 Spironoura, 1856, is sufficiently distinct from Spirura, 1849, as not to 

 be confused. What is the status of Spironoura, 1856? Is it a homo- 

 nym of Spirura, 1849? 



27. NOMENCLATURAL STATUS OF MISPRINTS. 



Criticisms have been raised because some authors include a citation 

 of typographic errors in synonymy. Misprints seem to have a very 

 definite nomenclatural status, however, and are therefore subject to 

 citation and should be listed. In the first place it is often difficult to 

 distinguish clearly between misprints and emendations, and cases are 

 not unknown (Dermacentor Dermacenter, Hymenolepis'-Hymeno- 

 lepsis, etc.), where a misprint has been adopted by several authors 

 under the supposition that they were using the correct name. Fur- 

 ther, the International Code provides for the admission of arbitrary 

 combinations of letters as available scientific names. Such a name 

 would naturally be a homonym if the same combination of letters had 

 occurred as a misprint. 



28. ORIGIN OF THE LAW OF PRIORITY. 



. There still remain a few zoologists who do not follow the law of 

 priority, and some men seem to be under the impression that this law 

 is a more or less recent idea. It is, however, not a new idea, but seems 

 to have been first proposed by Linnaeus, although he did not follow it 

 out consistently. In helminthology it was adopted by Rudolphi, 1801, 

 but he did not apply it consistently. 



29. RUDOLI J HI'H RULES OF NOMENCLATURE. 



The fact that Rudolphi (1801, 62-65) published a set of rules on 

 nomenclature seems to have been more or less generally overlooked. 

 As they are of importance in interpreting his names, and as his code 

 is very short, the rules are here reprinted for the benefit of helmin- 

 thologists who do not have access to them. It will be seen that in 1801 

 Rudolphi declared in favor of the law of priority, although he did 

 not adhere strictly to it in later years. 



