144 



PNEUMOBACILLUS OF FEIEDLAENDER. 



(1883). 



ALSO KNOWN AS FRIEDLAENDER's PNEUMOCOCCUS. 



Origin. Is frequently found in normal saliva ; also 

 in lungs and " rusty " sputum of pneumonia. 



Form. May appear as an oval coccus, but in reality 

 is a short, thick rod, which may grow in pairs and even in 



short threads. In the animal body it is enveloped by a 

 capsule. 



Motility. Has no motion. 



Sporulation. No spores observed. Cultures retain 

 vitality for many months. 



Anilin Dyes. The cell is stained readily but the 

 capsule remains colorless. Is not stained by Gram's 

 method distinction from Rhinoscleroma bacillus and 

 Frankel's fiiplococcus. 



Growth. Is rapid and abundant. 



Platen. On gelatin plales it develops rapidly. The deep colonies are 

 round or oval, sharply bordered, finely granular and yellowish. The surface 

 colonies are quite characteristic and appear as thick, moist, glistening, white 

 masses which do not lend to spread but rather to become convex and raised. 

 No liquefaction. 



Stich Cultures.- (Irmvth takes place along 1he entire line of inoculation 

 and is especially developed on the surface forming a " nail-shaped " culture. 

 As the culture becomes old the gelatin near the surface becomes brownish in 

 color and small gas bubbles may form. 



Streak Cultures. On ac/ar forms a thick, white, moist, shiny growth 

 On blood-serum develops as a grayish, shinv mass. On potatoes forms a thick, 

 yellowish, sticky growth, showing gas bubbles. 



Oxygen requirements. Is a facultative anaerobe. 



Temperature. Grows rapidly at low temperatures, 

 16-20; also in the incubator. 



Behavior to Gelatin. Does not liquefy. 



Aerogenesis. Abundant production of gas in 4 per 

 cent, gelatin ; potato cultures grown in the incubator 

 also give rise to gas. 



Pathogenesis. Is pathogenic for mice and young 

 rats; guinea-pigs and dogs are less susceptible, while rab- 

 bits are immune. While not the cause of pneumonia, its 

 frequent presence in that disease may serve to bring about 

 a " mixed infection." 



NOTE Make gelatin plates and cover-glass preparations from the 

 lungs and blood of a young rat which has received an intrapleural injection. 



