DISINFECTION. 201 



Disinfectants have been divided into two classes those 

 capable of destroying spores, including fire, steam under 

 pressure (twenty-five pounds), boiling water, solution of 

 chloride of lime, liquor sodae chlorinatse (Labarraque's 

 solution), and mercuric chloride in solution (corrosive 

 sublimate). The second group is effective only in the 

 absence of spores, and includes dry heat (230 Fahr. for 

 two hours), sulphur dioxide, carbolic acid, solution of cop- 

 per sulphate, and solution of chloride of zinc. 



The strength of the above solutions should be con- 

 siderable and their application thorough. It will be seen 

 that the agents of the first group must be the most reli- 

 able, and should be resorted to in all doubtful cases. 



In the absence of disease, and merely to keep a kennel 

 sweet and free from vermin, some of the various prepara- 

 tions on the market serve a good purpose, such as Jeyes' 

 fluid, "creosin," "sanitas sawdust," etc. "Sanitas saw- 

 dust" is one of those easily handled preparations that 

 are most useful for kennels and dog-shows. But none 

 of these should be relied on after distemper. 



In actual practice it will be the safest to use several 

 methods of disinfection. The subject is so important 

 that it will receive attention again in connection with the 

 disease distemper. 



AUTOPSIES AND MORBID ANATOMY. 



Disease or alteration of the natural functions to an 

 extent detrimental to the animal's welfare does not usually 

 exist long without changes of either a gross or microscopic 

 character ; and as experience has shown that certain sets 

 of symptoms are generally associated with definite altera- 



