78 GENERAL DIRECTIONS. 



occurs at times on a sandy shore. Crossaster is a rare star- 

 fish and no assurance can be given as to the certainty of 

 finding it in numbers in any single locality. Razor Island, 

 Eastport, almost always contributes a few specimens of 

 Pteraster and Ctenodiscus to the dredge. The latter 

 genus can be dredged in abundance off Treat's Island, 

 Salem. 



Decaying meat or fish is a good decoy for many Echi- 

 noderms, especially star-fishes and sea-urchins, and when 

 a box is baited with this and left over a tide under water 

 these scavengers are generally found collected in it. 



The Echinoids make their homes on both rocky and 

 sandy bottoms. If one wishes a large number of Stron- 

 gylocentroti he will find them almost anywhere along the 

 Maine and Massachusetts coast where there is a rocky shore. 

 At low tide at Grand Manan one can gather them by hun- 

 dreds and the sea bottom of the littoral zone is there paved 

 with these animals at certain points. The largest area 

 which I have ever seen covered with these animals is near 

 Mr. Cheeney's house at the Point, Nantucket Island, Grand 

 Manan, but it is also very common at Eastport and farther 

 south. 



Echinaraclmius parma prefers sand as a dwelling place. 

 It can be dredged in great numbers off Revere Beach, in 

 Provincetown Harbor and off Ipswich Beach. The chan- 

 nel which separates Nantucket from the main island of the 

 Grand Manan group is a very profitable dredging ground 

 for these animals. The Cove at Eastport and the adjoin- 

 ing beach afford a sheltered habitat for this genus. 



The Holothurioidea live on gravelly, clayey or rocky 

 bottoms, and some genera prefer to burrow in the sand. 



Pentacta frondosa lives in numbers in the Eastport 

 waters and can be dredged a half mile from the wharf. 

 Indian Island is a profitable place to visit for this species 



