334 HISTORY OF BOTANY. 



Thus Ray constructed his system partly on the 

 fruit and partly on the flower; or more properly, 

 according to the expression of Linnaeus, comparing 

 his earlier with his later system, he began by being 

 afructicist, and ended by being a corollist 15 . 



As we have said, a number of systems of ar- 

 rangement of plants were published about this time, 

 some founded on the fruit, some on the corolla, 

 some on the calyx, and these employed in various 

 ways. Rivinus 46 (whose real name was Bachman,) 

 classified by the flower alone ; instead of combining 

 it with the fruit, as Ray had done 47 . He had the 

 further merit, of being the first who rejected the 

 old division, of woody, and herbaceous plants ; a 

 division which, though at variance with any system 

 founded upon the structure of the plant, was em- 

 ployed even by Tournefort, and only finally expelled 

 by Linnaeus. 



It would throw little light upon the history of 

 botany, especially for our purpose, to dwell on 

 the peculiarities of these transitory systems. Lin- 

 naeus 48 , after his manner, has given a classification 

 of them. Rivinus, as we have just seen, was a 

 corollist, according to the regularity and number of 



15 Ray was a most industrious herbalizer, and I cannot under- 

 stand on what ground Mirbel asserts (Phys. Veg. t. ii. p. 531,) 

 that he was better acquainted with books than with plants. 



46 Cuv. Leqons, 491. 



47 Historia Generalis ad rent Herbariam, 1690. 

 4B Philos. Bot. p. 21. 



