CONTENTS 



and Ptolemy Secundus, p. 265 Natural History of Pliny, p. 266 

 Ptolemy, the last great astronomer of antiquity, p. 267 Galen, the 

 last great Alexandrian, p. 272 His teachings in anatomy, surgery, 

 and medicine, p. 278 His conception of the functions of the organs 

 of the body, p. 282. 



CHAPTER XI 



A RETROSPECTIVE GLANCE AT CLASSICAL SCIENCE 



Periodicity in the continuity of the stream of history, p. 285 

 Length of the span from Thales to Galen, p. 286 Retrospect of the 

 Greek cosmology, p. 287 Progress in the field of the biological 

 sciences, p. 288 Birthplaces of the great philosophers and their 

 relation to the peninsula of Greece, p. 289 Racial minglings and 

 their bearing upon scientific advancement, p. 290 Superstitions of 

 the ancient Greek and Roman world, p. 292 An example of Greek 

 superstition as told by Herodotus, p. 294 An example as given by 

 Dion Cassius, and the comment of Xiphilinus, p. 296. 



APPENDIX 301 



