DOGS I THEIR MANAGEMENT. 223 



phase of distemper. It would be too much to say such 

 a form of disease does not exist in a carnivorous animal ; 

 but I have hitherto not met with it. Neither have I seen 

 it as the effect of inveterate mange ; though I have 

 beheld obstinate skin disease the common, but far from 

 invariable, result of chronic hepatitis. I have also known 

 cerebral symptoms to be produced by the derangement 

 of this gland, which, in the dog, may be the cause of 

 almost any possible symptom, and still give so little 

 indication of its actual condition as almost to set our rea- 

 son at defiance. 



When the animal is fat, the visible mucous membranes 

 may be pallid; the tongue white; the pulse full and 

 quick ; the spirits slothful : the appetite good ; the foeces 

 natural : the bowels irregular ; the breath offensive ; the 

 anus enlarged, and the rump denuded of hair, the naked 

 skin being covered with a scaly cuticle, thickened and 

 partially insensible. 



When the animal is thin, almost all of the foregoing 

 signs may be wanting. The dog may be only emaciated 

 a living skeleton, with an enlarged belly. It is dull, 

 and has a sleepy look when undisturbed ; but when its 

 attention is attracted, the expression of its countenance 

 is half vacant and half wild. The pupil of the eye is 

 dilated, and the visual organs stare as though the power 

 of recognition were enfeebled. The appetite is good and 

 the manner gentle. The tongue is white, and occasion- 

 ally reddish towards the circumference. The membranes 

 of the eye are very pale, but not yellow. The lining of 



