DOGS I THEIR MANAGEMENT. 397 



of an ounce to an ounce of sherry may be administered. 

 Afterwards a few tonics may be given ; but the mother 

 must never be permitted to visit her young ones as be- 

 fore. Either a foster-parent must be found (and a cat 

 will rear a small pup very tenderly), or the litter must in 

 part be brought up by hand. 



This last is more troublesome than difficult to do. 

 The pups want to be fed early and late ; consequently, 

 they must be taken into the bed-room ; and when the 

 feeding time arrives, the soundest sleeper will be 

 reminded of his duty. A bottle, such as is used for 

 infants of the human kind, must have a sort of nipple 

 made of wash-leather fitted to it. The leather is to be 

 pricked all over with a fine needle, and within it is to be 

 placed a small piece of sponge to give substance and 

 form to it. There is need to do that, because the pup 

 when it sucks wraps the tongue round the teat ; and 

 unless the body it thus grasps has bulk, it cannot extract 

 the liquid. This, therefore, being attended to, the little 

 creatures very soon learn their lesson, and all that is 

 subsequently to be done will be to hold them to the bottle, 

 and the bottle to them. Each .pup occupies from ten to 

 fifteen minutes at a meal ; and they may be allowed to 

 decide the quantity that will do them good, unless one 

 should obviously be morbidly gluttonous, when the in- 

 dulgence of its appetite should be restrained. 



During the night the bitch must be kept away from 

 her hungry tormentors ; but in the day-time she may be 

 allowed to go to them every time after they have been 



