468 DOG-BREAKIXG. 



ence, that no dog can be considered perfectly broken, that 

 does not make his point when first he feels assured oi 

 the presence of game, and remain stationary ichere he 

 makes it, until urged on by you to draw nearer that 

 does not, as a matter of course, lie down without any 

 word of command the moment you have fired, and after- 

 wards perseveringly seek for the dead bird in the direction 

 you may point out and all this without your once 

 having occasion to speak, more than to say in a low 

 voice, " Find," when he gets near the dead bird, as will 

 be hereafter explained. Moreover, it must be obvious 

 that he risks leaving game behind him if he does not 

 hunt every part of a field, and, on the other hand, that 

 he wastes your time and his strength, if he travels twice 

 over the same ground, nay, over any ground which his 

 powers of scent have already reached. Of course I am 

 now speaking of a dog hunted without a companion to 

 share his labors. 



0. You may say, " How is all this, which sounds so 

 well in theory, to be obtained in practice without great 

 severity ? " Believe me, with severity it never can be 

 attained. If flogging would make a dog perfect, few 

 would be found unbroken in England or Scotland, and 

 scarcely one in Ireland. 



10. Astley's method was to give each horse his pre- 

 paratory lessons alone, and when there was no noise or 

 anything to divert his attention from his instructor. If 

 the horse was interrupted during the lesson, or his at- 

 tention in any way withdrawn, he was dismissed for that 



