SHOOTING HARES. 613 



cannot naturally induce him to run away from them. 

 Possibly he may be worthless from a deficiency in his 

 olfactory powers ; but it is hard to conceive how these 

 powers can be improved by a dread of doing mischief 

 when he finds himself near game. Some dogs that 

 have been unduly chastised do not even betray them- 

 selves by running to " heel," but cunningly slink away 

 from their birds without giving you the slightest inti- 

 mation of their vicinity. I have seen such instances. 

 When a young dog, who has betrayed symptoms of 

 blinking, draws upon birds, head him, if you can, before 

 you give him the order to " toho :" he will then have 

 such a large circuit to make, that he will feel the less 

 tempted to run to your heels. 



245. Obedience and intelligence are, as I have already 

 remarked, best secured by judicious ratings and encou- 

 ragements scoldings for bad conduct, praise, caresses, 

 and rewards for good. Never forget, therefore, to have 

 some delicacy in your pocket to give the youngster 

 whenever he may deserve it. All dogs, however, even 

 the most fearful, ought to be made able to bear a little 

 punishment. If, unfortunately, your dog is constitution- 

 ally timid I cannot help saying unfortunately, though 

 so many of the sort have fine noses the whip must be 

 employed with the greatest gentleness, the lash being 

 rather laid on the back than used, until such forbear- 

 ance, and many caresses before his dismissal, have gra- 

 dually banished the animal's alarm, and ultimately 

 enabled you to give him a very slight beating, on his 



