152 The American Flower Garden 



of bright red berries in August, September. , EUROPEAN (S. 



Aucuparia). Thrives in extreme North. Very brilliant fruits; 

 edible. Many garden forms of this. 



MULBERRY, RUSSIAN (Morus alba, var. Tataricd). 40 feet. Fastest- 

 growing, long-lived tree for the West. Stands drought well, and 

 also shade. Grows twenty feet in ten years. Gets winter-killed in 

 the Dakotas and Kansas. Needs pruning as a shade tree. Edible 

 fruits litter ground. 



OAK, ENGLISH (Quercus Robur or pedunculata). 120 feet. Stout, spread- 

 ing branches and broad, round-topped head. Foliage dark green 

 above, and pale bluish-green beneath. 2 to 5 inches long. Remains 

 green until winter. Extremely variable. The historical oak of Eng- 

 land, but thrives poorly in America with the exception of California. 



The following kinds are much to be preferred. , MOSSY Cup 



(Q. macrocarpa). Distinguished by the huge shaggy receptacles for 

 the large acorns. 80 feet, but sometimes twice as much. Spread- 

 ing branches, and broad, round head. Deeply furrowed, light 

 brown bark. Leaves bright green and shining above, whitish 

 beneath; 6 inches long. A strong-growing, stately tree. Very 

 picturesque in winter. Transplants with difficulty, so always 



buy young nursery stock. , PIN (Q. palustrls). 80 to 



120 feet, with large, spreading branches. Pyramidal head. 

 Foliage, bright green above, light green beneath. Very handsome 

 when young. The most rapid-growing oak. Useful for streets and 

 avenues. Transplants easily. Prefers moist soil. Foliage scarlet 



in fall. , RED (Q. rubra). 80 to 150 feet. Stout, spreading 



branches, and round-topped head. Leaves dull green above, light 

 green beneath. Nearly as rapid growing as the pin oak. Foliage 



dark red in fall. The best oak for dry uplands and rocky soils. , 



WHITE (Q. alba). 100 feet. Stout branches with round, open head. 

 Bark light gray. Leaves bright green, becoming violet-red or 

 violet-purple in fall. One of the best trees for park effects in the 

 North. It prefers moist soil. Does not transplant easily. Get 



young nursery stock. , WILLOW (Q. Phellos). 50 to 80 feet. 



Slender branches and conical head. Leaves bright green and 

 glossy above, light green beneath, becoming pale yellow in fall. 

 The best medium-sized oak. Prefers very moist, almost swampy 

 soil. Oaks as a group are shallow-rooting trees, and the longest- 



