178 The American Flower Garden 



coloured shrub that flowers before the leaves. (D. Gwenka). 



3 feet. The best lavender and nearest approach to blue among the 

 shrubs flowering before the leaves. Not hardy North. Well-drained 

 light soil, with partial shade for both kinds. Propagate by seeds, 

 which germinate slowly, or layers in the spring. See also GARLAND 

 FLOWER. 



DEUTZIA (D. Lemoinei). June; 3 feet. A new hybrid with larger 

 flowers than the popular Pride of Rochester, which is taller growing 

 and has the handsomest habit; double flowers, but pink. 

 (D. gracilis). Slightly arching branches making a low-spreading 

 bush; flowers single, white. May. All are hardy and thrive in any 

 well-drained soil, and are among the best of the white-flowered shrubs. 

 Propagate easily by greenwood and hardwood cuttings, also by seeds 

 in spring. 



DOCKMACKIE (Viburnum aceri folium). Slender, upright branches. 

 Flowers yellowish white. May, June; 5 feet. 3 inches across. 

 Fruit black. Foliage pinkish in autumn, becoming dark purple. 

 Thrives in dryish soils under trees. Very valuable shrub. Prop- 

 agate by seeds. 



DOGWOOD, RED TWIGGED (Cornus stolonifera). Best red-barked shrub , 

 for winter effects. Better than the European Red Osier dogwood i 

 (C. sanguined) with purple or dark blood-red branches. For best \ 



effect, cut back every two or three years to induce new growth. , 



ROUND LEAVED (C. circinata). Purplish branches, fruits light blue ; 

 and greenish white. (See also CORNEL.) 



ELDER, COMMON (Sambucus nigra). Useful for pond borders and wild 



gardening. , GOLDEN (S. nigra, var. aurea). 12 feet. The 



largest-leaved yellow shrub, especially for wet soils. Makes growth 

 annually 10 feet. For lightening dense masses of green shrubbery. 

 Better coloured if cut back frequently. Grows well in the shade. 



ELEAGNUS. See GOUMI. 



FRINGE TREE (Chionanthus Virginica). White. June; sometimes a 

 slender tree to 30 feet; usually a large shrub. Slender thread-like 

 flowers in June, after most other trees have flowered. Pretty blue 

 berries all winter. Prefers a moist soil and must be sheltered in 

 latitude of New England. Propagate by seeds in fall, also layers. 



GOLDEN BELL (Forsythia suspensa). Long, gracefully drooping branches 

 of yellow flowers before the leaves. 6 feet. The most showy early 



